Temperature affects human body

how does temperature affect human body

 Every object has it`s own temperature. Human body temperature is variable and changes every minute. Sometimes we have high temperature which means that we have flue. If we have low temperature we have hypothermia. But mainly normal temperature is from 36 to 37.

 Generally Temperature affects how the enzymes work in your body. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. incraese the rates of) chemical reactions in living cells. If it gets too hot or cold the enzymes might denature and lose the shape of their active site, which means the substrate may no longer fit and this decreases the rate of the chemical reactions. Moreover, if the temperature is too high one may start to sweat in order to evaporate some of the heat off their skin. If too much water is lost through sweating, one may become dehydrated and experience a variety of symptoms. Dehydration (from the Greek hydor(water)) and the Latin prefix de- (indicating deprivation, removal, and separation) occurs when more water and fluids are exiting the body than are entering the body. With about 75% of the body made up of water found inside cells, within blood vessels, and between cells, survival requires a rather sophisticated water management system. Luckily, our bodies have such a system, and our thirst mechanism tells us when we need to increase fluid intake. Although water is lost constantly throughout the day as we breathe, sweat, urinate, and defecate, we can replenish the water in our body by drinking fluids. The body can also shift water around to areas where it is more needed if dehydration begins to occur.

 If the temperature is too cold, one may begin to shiver in order to gain heat, which uses energy from respiration. One may also experience hypothermia. If heat losses exceed heat gains the body temperature will fall this is hypothermia too. Mainly Hyperthermia occurs when the body produces or absorbs more heat than it can dissipate. It is usually caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures. The heat-regulating mechanisms of the body eventually become overwhelmed and unable to deal effectively with the heat, causing the body temperature to climb uncontrollably. Hyperthermia at or above about 40 °C (104 °F) is a life-threatening medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. Common symptoms include headache, confusion, and fatigue. If sweating has resulted in dehydration, then the affected person may have dry, red skin.

In a medical setting, mild hyperthermia is commonly called heat exhaustion or heat prostration; severe hyperthermia is called heat stroke. Heat stroke may come on suddenly, but it usually follows the untreated milder stages. Treatment involves cooling and rehydrating the body; fever-reducing drugs are useless for this condition. This may be done through moving out of direct sunlight to a cooler and shaded environment, drinking water, removing clothing that might keep heat close to the body, or sitting in front of a fan. Bathing in tepid or cool water, or even just washing the face and other exposed areas of the skin, can be helpful.

With fever, the body's core temperature rises to a higher temperature through the action of the part of the brain that controls the body temperature; with hyperthermia, the body temperature is raised without the consent of the heat control centers.

 To sum up more or less temperature then needed ( 36,5 normal) is very bad for our human organism. It can cause many diseases. We should always control our temperature with taking fluids and exercises normally !

Bibliography:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_body_temperature, http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_does_temperature_effect_the_body , http://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/5599/does-body-temperature-affect-human-lifespan , http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-regulates-body-temperature.html , http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/153363.php  , https://www.google.ge/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&ved=0CDsQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDehydration&ei=V3ovUYqyEIOitAb-z4GQBg&usg=AFQjCNFyvBa_HKFJsfMJu3r6CGXMPAvrvw , http://www.ehow.com/how_4843692_control-body-temperature.html